public read uid=supersite,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all uid=boer,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all Dr Matthias Boer Western Sydney University Associate Professor

Locked Bag 1797 Penrith NSQ 2751 Australia

02 4570 1373 m.boer@westernsydney.edu.au Leaf area index (LAI) can be defined as the total one sided area of leaf tissue per unit area of ground and is a key derived parameter that is associated with water and light interception, radiation transfer, water and carbon exchange. Canopy cover can be defined as the fraction of ground shaded by the vertical projection of tree crowns. These measures may be used as proxies for actual canopy leaf area. Leaf area index is the preferred measure of cover for vegetation and is a key variable used in total biomass estimation and in carbon cycling prediction models. Indirect measures of LAI include digital photographic methods using flat or hemispherical images, referred to respectively as Digital Cover Photography (DCP) and (Digital Hemispheric Photography (DHP). LAI measurements are carried out at each SuperSite using the most appropriate method for the vegetation type present. Digital Cover Photography (DCP) was carried out at the Cumberland Plain SuperSite, Core 1 ha on 18 April and 12 Oct 2016. The protocol generally followed the SuperSite Vegetation Monitoring protocol (http://www.supersites.net.au/publications-and-resources/resources-for-supersiteusers) using the Digital Canopy Photography method, except photopoints were located at 5 m intervals along the 10 Gentry Transects (11 photos per transect). Leaf Area Index images are available for viewing and download from the TERN SuperSites BioImage Portal http://bioimages.supersites.net.au/data/lai/cblp/default 0502 0602 0606 0607 anzsrc-for leaf area index foliage protection cover crown cover cover porosity Digital Canopy Photography forest structure canopy density Cumberland Plain Supersite CC-BY-4_0 Cumberland Plain, 3 km SW of Richmond NSW 150.7219387 150.7232052 -33.6147528 -33.6158151 2016 1435787615081

LAI image collection was carried out generally as described in SuperSites Vegetation Monitoring Protocols, Tern Australian SuperSite Network, except photo points were located at 5 m intervals along the 10 Gentry Transects (11 photos per transect). http://dx.doi.org/10.4227/05/56134C1310F16. Photos taken with Nikon D90 digital SLR with 50 mm lens (AF 50 mm Sensitivity 1:1.8) from ca. 130 cm height on a monopod with 3D levelling device. Camera settings: 1. Exposure: A (priorities aperture). 2. Quality: fine 3. Light measured in multiple points (square with many dots) 4. F 10 Autofocus automatic: AF-A

Canopy photo acquisition Photos taken with Nikon D90 digital SLR with 50 mm lens (AF 50 mm Sensitivity 1:1.8) from ca. 130 cm height on a monopod with 3D levelling device. Camera settings: 1. Exposure: A (prioritises aperture). 2. Quality: fine 3. Light measured in multiple points (square with many dots) 4. F 10 5. Autofocus automatic: AF-A Photos were taken at pegs located at 10 m interval along the 10 Gentry Transects

Images were analysed with DCP-313 software written by Craig Macfarlane (CSIRO) to compute canopy LAI (MacFarlane et al. 2007). A single (blue) channel image is processed to create a grey-scale. Where RAW images are available, contrast stretching of the blue channel is achieved using the RAW2JPG MATLAB script before saving in JPG format prior to analysis (Macfarlane et al., 2014 Digital canopy photography: Exposed and in the raw. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 197, 244‐253). Both DCP-313 and RAW2JPG executables are available from http://www.tern‐supersites.net.au/index.php/publications‐and‐resources/resources-for-supersiteusers

Data Records. Picture location, date and location of each photo in relation to the SW Corner of the Core 1ha were recorded in a field book. The data was transferred to a spread sheet and included with calculated LAI, gap fraction etc.

asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20160418_MB.csv LAI Data, Cumberland Plain SuperSite, April 2016 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20160418_MB.csv 15349 1 #x0A column , ecogrid://knb/supersite.1020.1 cn=allusers,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org read uid=supersite,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all date Date of observations yyyymmdd plot Plot ID Plot coord x Longitude. Meter in x direction from SW Corner meter natural coord y Latitude. Meter in x direction from SW Corner meter natural exposure Camera Exposure setting Nikon D90 exposure setting filename Image filename Image filename gamma n/a na lec Light extinction coefficient number natural gf Gap fraction number natural fc Fraction of crown cover number natural cc Crown cover number natural cp Crown porosity number natural lai Leaf area index number natural comments Additional information comments 117 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20161012_MB.csv LAI Data, Cumberland Plain SuperSite, October 2012 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20161012_MB.csv 21277 1 #x0A column , ecogrid://knb/supersite.1021.1 cn=allusers,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org read uid=supersite,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all datetime Date of observations yyyymmdd plot Plot ID Plot ID coord x Geographic coordinate - longitude degree natural coord y Geographic coordinate - latitude degree natural exposure Camera Exposure setting Nikon D90 exposure setting filename Image filename Image filename gamma n/a na lec Light extinction coefficient number natural gf Gap fraction number natural fc Fraction of crown cover number natural cc Crown cover number natural cp Crown porosity number natural lai Leaf area index number natural comments Additional information comments 130 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20160418_MK.csv LAI Data, Cumberland Plain SuperSite, April 2016 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20160418_MK.csv 15800 0 #x0A column , ecogrid://knb/supersite.1022.1 cn=allusers,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org read uid=supersite,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all Filename Photo filename filename Channel Colour channel of RGB image analysed channel Blue sky Blue sky Yes/No %Mixed % Mixed Percentage natural Lower maximum lower maximum number natural Lower Corner Lower Corner number natural Low Thd Low Thd number natural Mid Thd Mid Thd number natural Min Thd Min Thd number natural High Thd High Thd number natural Upper Corner Upper Corner number natural Upper Maximum Upper Maximum number natural GF Gap Fraction number natural FC Foliage Cover number natural CC Fraction of Crown Cover number natural CP Fraction of Crown Porosity number natural LAI Leaf Area Index number natural Warnings warnings warnings Comments Additional comments comments 130 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20161012_MK.csv LAI Data, Cumberland Plain SuperSite, October 2016 asn_cblp_veg_lai_data_core_1_ha_20161012_MK.csv 18643 0 #x0A column , ecogrid://knb/supersite.1023.1 cn=allusers,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org read uid=supersite,o=unaffiliated,dc=ecoinformatics,dc=org all Filename Photo filename filename Channel Colour channel of RGB image analysed channel Blue sky Blue Sky Yes/No %Mixed % Mixed Percentage natural Lower Maximum lower maximum number natural Lower Corner Lower corner number natural Low Thd Low Thd number natural Mid Thd Mid Thd number natural Min Thd Min Thd number natural High Thd High Thd number natural Upper Corner Upper Corner number natural Upper Maximum Upper maximum number natural GF Gap fraction number natural FC Foliage cover number natural CC Fraction of Crown Cover number natural CP Fraction of Crown Porosity number natural LAI Leaf Area Index number natural Warniings Warnings warnings exposure Exposure number natural Comments Additional comments comments 143 per cent